Showing posts with label John Dramani Mahama. Show all posts
Showing posts with label John Dramani Mahama. Show all posts

Monday, 19 June 2017

IS JJ BACK TO THE NDC ?

Jerry John Rawlings is taking the front bench of the NDC
By James Biney
There appears to be jubilation among some members and followers of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) following what appears to be the comeback of Mr Jerry John Rawlings, one of the founders of the party.

In the run up to the 2016 elections, Mr Rawlings flatly refused to campaign for the party and its candidates on the grounds that there was nothing to campaign for.

He never endorsed the candidature of then President John Dramani Mahama or any other candidate of the party except his own daughter Zanetor Rawlings who contested as a Parliamentary candidate.

Indeed, Mr Rawlings joined the New Patriotic Party (NPP) in heaping allegations of corruption on the Mahama administration and the NDC, insisting that the party had lost its moral fibre.

Even the late President John Evans Atta Mills had a fair share of the venom of former President Rawlings.

Surprisingly, any time, the NPP’s presidential candidate was attacked, Mr Rawlings rose to the occasion and stoutly defended him.

Mr Rawlings insisted that Nana Addo Dankwa Akuffo-Addo could not be a tribalist, he referred to him as a man of integrity and swore that Akufo-Addo was not corrupt.

Mr Rawlings’ wife, Konadu even went a step further after the declaration of Nana Akufo –Addo as the President of Ghana. She said the election of Akufo-Addo was a pleasant relief and that the new President could not be expected to clear the mess of the NDC within a few months in office.

Mr Rawlings did not disagree with his darling wife and still insists that Nana Akufo –Addo is a man of integrity. He has gone further to call for the replacement of all the leaders of the NDC in order to give the party a fighting chance at the next election.

So what makes some NDC faithful believe that he is now back to the fold and is ready to help build the party?

Clearly his presence at the party functions sends the signal that he has not completely abandoned the party.

Secondly, his calls for unity within the party suggests that he is ready to become a party of that unity.

The important question is whether he is ready to abandon his newly found friends in the NPP to work for the victory of the NDC in the 2020 elections?

What kind of political relations will he have with his wife Nana Konadu Agyemang Rawlings who has become an open collaborator of the NPP?

In any case is the comeback of Mr Rawlings sufficient to ensure the victory of the NDC?

Whiles party loyalists ponder over these questions, it would be important to recognise that as far as Mr Rawlings is concerned the youthful leaders of the party fit into the category of children with sharp teeth and the elders couldn’t be better than greedy bastards.

The future of the NDC will certainly be most interesting.

Editorial
NDC’S FUTURE
The multi-party democratic arrangement can only thrive if the competing political parties are strong.

Indeed, it is possible to have a defect one party state in a multi- party arrangement if one political party becomes too strong.

In the specific conditions of Ghana, if any political party secures more than two thirds of the seats in Parliament, it can even amend entrenched clauses in the constitution.

It is for this reason that all the political parties need to be encouraged to reorganize themselves so that they can offer constructive opposition to the incumbent.

The defeat suffered by the National Democratic Congress (NDC) in the last election was massive and it is heartwarming that it has begun its reorganization effort in earnest.

We wish the NDC the best in its efforts to stay relevant.

Local News:
NIB DONATES MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
It is a fact of life that, health is wealth. A healthy people are critical to the socio-economic development of any country and Ghana is no exception. Public health is an integral part of the social system. National Investment Bank recognizes that, good health is a right for the citizenry and supports the government’s mission of providing good health for all at an affordable cost. NIB further recognizes the promotion of good health as an important part of its corporate social responsibility.

It is in this regard that NIB last Wednesday presented Medical equipment to the Medical Facility of Southern Command of the Ghana Armed Forces at Kpeshie. The equipment valued at about GHS87, 000.00 which is to be used at the Kpeshie Medical Facility of the Command included, an Urit 300 Haematology and Mind Ray Chemistry Analyser.

These Analysers were donated together with a computer and accompanying UPS.

Presenting the equipment on behalf of NIB, the Head of Corporate Affairs, Mr. Charles Wordey, said NIB places importance on supporting the improvement of healthcare delivery in the country.

He affirmed the continuous support of such initiatives to improve the health of citizens.

He added that the Bank has been collaborating with the Ghana Armed Forces in areas such security and expressed the hope that the existing relationship between the two institutions will be deepened further.

The General Commanding Officer (GCO) of the Southern Command, Brigadier General Thomas Oppong-Peprah lauded NIB for the gesture, saying the presentation of the equipment came as a relief because the Medical facility lacked basic medical equipment to ensure its proper functioning.

The health facility he added, serves both the Armed Forces and civilians living within the environs of Teshie. Brigadier General Oppong-Peprah promised to ensure proper maintenance of the equipment.

Foreign News:
Manipulation of Human Rights Continues
(Image right) To date, Venezuela’s Great Housing Mission has built 1,505,028 homes for the country’s most vulnerable. Photo: TELESUR

By Elson Concepción Pérez
A recurring theme over these days has been human rights, giving rise to media manipulations, and involving individuals who, from centers of power or paid by them, are making a veritable feast with the issue, for those wanting to impose their model on the world and others who, working as paid mercenaries, are used for that purpose.

Some, such as Luis Almagro, secretary general of the discredited Organization of American States (OAS), have targeted the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, seeking foreign intervention in the country. This could be due to the fact that the nation’s governments, first led by Chávez and subsequently Maduro, have developed social programs to guarantee the population their basic human rights, such as building and delivering over one million homes, free healthcare for all, eradicating illiteracy, or many other achievements which have been recognized both in and outside the country.

It could also be because of Venezuela’s solidarity efforts, primarily with Latin America and Caribbean nations, efforts the OAS and its secretary general have chosen to ignore.

In a move to put pressure on the country, Luis Almagro has requested that Venezuela be suspended from the OAS.

This begs the question: is leaving the OAS is a disgrace or an honor? I’d say the latter, as Cuba has shown.

For decades our country has been targeted by those who critique human rights from behind the bullet proof glass of a command post, in order to wage wars and kill millions of civilians, like in Iraq, or in pursuit of monetary gain by way of illegal arms dealing, causing the death of thousands of people, including U.S. adolescents and children in their own schools, recreation centers, and streets.

They have always used, and are doing so again, some mercenary, who for a couple of bucks would even dress up in white with the sole intention of creating a media circus by causing disturbances in order to later accuse local authorities of human rights violations.

Hence the recent attempt made from within the United States - which pays officials like Almagro extra - to put on a show with counter-revolutionary frills, with the “innocent” OAS secretary general leading the aggression which Cuba has never allowed and never will.

As such the Cuban government has stated that the OAS has always been one of Washington’s tools, a platform from which to launch attacks against Latin America and the Cuban Revolution.

In the same vein, the U.S. State Department draws up lists condemning nations, applying blockades, economic sanctions, and even authorizing military intervention.

It seems to me that the issue of human rights and democracy – from a U.S. perspective – are the most frequent and most damming, and almost always used to enable the powerful to impose their standards on poor nations, and above all, progressive governments.

Of course no one would ever cite what happened to Jesús Navarro as a human rights violation; denied a kidney transplant at the San Francisco University Hospital, in California, for being an undocumented immigrant.

According to a report at the time by newspaper La Opinión, Navarro had been waiting for the transplant for seven years. He worked for 15 years as a welder at Pacific Steel, before he lost his job after the company was audited by Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency, with 200 of its 600 workers laid off for being undocumented immigrants.

Family and friends of the patient were told by a hospital official that the transplant could not be performed even if they managed to raise the 200,000 dollars needed to pay for the procedure, because undocumented immigrants are not allowed to receive treatment.

In another case exposed by Europa Press, a dispatch from Washington states that a 14 year old African American boy was exonerated 70 years after his execution in South Carolina, when Judge Carmen Tevis Mullen ruled that he had not received a fair trial.

The boy in question, George Stinney Jr., was executed in 1944 and was so small that he had to sit on a telephone book to reach the headpiece of the electric chair, according to U.S. news agency NBC. Family members stated that the police interrogated the boy without his parents' presence, while it took a white jury less than 10 minutes to find him guilty. The defense attorney didn’t even appeal the conviction.

The words 'human rights' hid beneath them events such as that of a youngster gunning-down his classmates, or another forced to sell sperm on a New York street corner; or the fact that every night, hundreds of human beings sleep under bridges in cities across the United States, with no food or shelter.

None of these are human rights abuses, according to U.S. standards.
Such examples, which are daily occurrences in the richest country on the planet, are never seen, heard of or cited by a man like Almagro – who can read and speak English - and is therefore more than capable of learning more about the monster from inside its entrails, instead of seeking out alleged violations in countries where human rights are more than just simple words, or a tool used by the media for political purposes.

In Venezuela, just like in Cuba, Ecuador, Bolivia, and other nations the OAS and Washington want to control, human rights consist of guaranteeing the people health; education for all; promoting racial and gender equality; ensuring that every citizen has the right to employment; and that no one dies because they can’t afford an organ transplant; that families never have to mourn the loss of their children, killed in a school shooting…

Isn’t illegally detaining prisoners in the criminal Guantánamo base where they are savagely tortured, denied the right to a lawyer, and imprisoned without officially being charged for over 10 years, a human rights abuse?

What is the economic and financial blockade of Cuba, intended to starve an entire nation, if not a flagrant violation of human rights?

Here is a bit of advice: Almagro should start to read - in English and in Spanish – the true history of human rights and democracy in the U.S., where the OAS headquarters is based and where these continue to be a pending issue.

Perhaps those who question the validity of the OAS, and if is it worth spending so much money on maintaining this den at the service of the empire, have a point.

What Made Trump Sign the Largest Arms Deal in US History
© REUTERS/ Jonathan Ernst 
Trump and Saudi King signs arms deal
President Trump, a vocal critic of Saudi Arabia, a nation he's previously condemned for treating women like "slaves" and wanting to "kill gays" and accused of extremism, has now signed the "largest arms deal in US history" with Riyadh. Russian experts explain what made the US leader change his views.

"Saudi Arabia and many of the countries that gave vast amounts of money to the Clinton Foundation want women as slaves and to kill gays. Hillary must return all money from such countries!" Trump's Facebook post read in June, 2016.

During a presidential debate Trump also said Saudis were “people that push gays off buildings” and “kill women and treat women horribly."  He has also claimed the Saudi government had ties to the September 11, 2001 terror attacks and accused the country of extremism.

​However, according to a statement just issued by the White House, the US leader "has just completed largest single arms deal in US history, negotiating a package totaling more than $109.7 billion" with this particular country, which will "boost Saudi Arabia's defense capabilities, bolstering equipment and services in the face of extreme terrorist groups and Iran."  The White House added that the deal will create defense jobs while also reaffirming America's commitment to Saudi Arabia.

Stanislav Byshok, a political analyst at the CIS-Europe Monitoring Organization think tank does not consider the actions of the US president inconsistent or illogical.

"Trump's policy is based on the following: with all his skepticism towards Saudi Arabia, he, as a businessman and a politician who promised to develop the US' military and industrial complex, is lobbying and pushing the deals on the sales of the US arms. However Trump is a realist. He understands that the Saudis will continue pursuing their interests in the region, in Yemen and in Syria," he told Russia's RT news channel.

The political analyst also noted that the Syrian factor is playing a vital role in this deal.

"Current agreement came as the result of a certain discontent of a number of influential US politicians with Trump's softness towards Syria. So now his support for the state which openly acts against President Assad should appease the critical establishment," Byshok suggested.

His view is echoed by Vladimir Bruter, an expert at the International Institute of Humanities, Social and Political Studies, who also said that Trump's deal comes as no surprise. First of all, arms supplies to the Saudis are very profitable to the US, Secondly, Saudi Arabia is the key ally of the US in the region.

"From these points of view, any restrictions on the deals between the US and Riyadh will cause certain damage to Washington.  And this is what exactly worries the US. The fact that their arms may end up with some Islamist group is not of any particular concern to the US," he told RT.

In a separate comment on the deal, Robert Kaufman, a professor at the Pepperdine University School of Public Policy and author of “Dangerous Doctrine: How Obama’s Grand Strategy Weakened America” told Radio Sputnik that Trump has identified Iran as the "greatest threat" to the region. Thus, he suggested that Trump is "sending a message of inclusion and tolerance encompassing three great religions." And his trip is aimed to underscore that and not just internationally but to the American domestic audience as well.

"This trip is to reassure his allies and the world that he is not intolerant," he told Sputnik.

Myanmar Dodges Human Rights Abuses
A Rohingya muslim woman carries a dying baby
By Joseph Thomas
Myanmar appears poised to escape international scrutiny of its vast and expanding human rights abuses targeting its Rohingya minority.

US State Department-funded media platform, The Irrawaddy, would report in an article titled, “Burma set to Dodge Full UN Probe on Arakan State,” that:
Burma looks set to escape an international investigation into alleged atrocities in Arakan State, after the European Union decided not to seek one at the UN Human Rights Council, a draft resolution seen by Reuters showed on Wednesday. 

The UN said in a report last month that the army and police had committed mass killings and gang rapes of Rohingya Muslims in northern Arakan state and burned villages in a campaign that may amount to crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing.
The article would also reveal the role the European Union played in avoiding the UN probe, stating:

EU diplomats told a meeting on Tuesday that they preferred using an existing mechanism that had received good cooperation and access from Burma’s government, rather than a new approach, and to give more time to the domestic process.

The article indicates, however, that existing mechanisms lack transparency, independence and thus legitimacy. It also notes that other nations, including Ukraine and Syria, have not escaped similar probes.

Why Myanmar is “Special” 
The Southeast Asian state of Myanmar’s political transition last year which saw Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy come to power and herself assume office as the first “State Counselor of Myanmar,” was the culmination of decades of US-European regime change efforts.

The extent of this support is documented in immense detail in the 2006 Burma Campaign UK report, “Failing the People of Burma?” (.pdf). It states:

The National Endowment for Democracy (NED – see Appendix 1, page 27) has been at the forefront of our program efforts to promote democracy and improved human rights in Burma since 1996. We are providing $2,500,000 in FY 2003 funding from the Burma earmark in the Foreign Operations legislation. The NED will use these funds to support Burmese and ethnic minority democracy-promoting organizations through a sub-grant program. The projects funded are designed to disseminate information inside Burma supportive of Burma’s democratic development, to create democratic infrastructures and institutions, to improve the collection of information on human rights abuses by the Burmese military and to build capacity to support the restoration of democracy when the appropriate political openings occur and the exiles/refugees return.

While many laud Western support for the supposed democratic movements within Myanmar’s political landscape, one of the keys to genuine democracy is self-determination, a concept completely negated by foreign funding and involvement within a nation’s internal politics.

Suu Kyi’s political party, street fronts and a vast network both within Myanmar and abroad of foreign-funded organisations posing as nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) have incrementally undermined and displaced Myanmar’s institutions and political circles of power.

Since taking power, rhetoric regarding human rights, democracy and freedom evaporated as many of the abuses used as excuses by the US and Europe to meddle in Myanmar’s internal affairs to begin with, expanded rather than were abated by their political proxies.

Why Myanmar’s Human Rights Abuses Remain “Sort of” in the News 
While US and European organisations continue to place pressure on Myanmar’s current leadership, it is now abundantly clear that such pressure is used as geopolitical leverage against the government in pursuit of concessions and in no way constitutes a genuine interest in protecting human rights.

Among the concessions US and European interests seek, includes Myanmar’s divestment from its ties to neighbouring China. US-European interests are engaged in Myanmar’s internal politics not simply to enter, monopolise and profit from the nation’s markets, population and natural resources, but as part of a much larger, regional agenda aimed at encircling China with a hostile unified Southeast Asian front to hinder Beijing’s rise as a region and international superpower.

China has invested in a series of large infrastructure and develop projects within Myanmar, as well as projects aimed at securing China’s trade routes from Asia to Africa, Europe and beyond. China’s proximity to Myanmar gives it a distinct advantage that allows it to continue making inroads despite US proxies holding power. Dissuading Myanmar’s political leadership from building further ties at current or accelerated rates is done through a variety of methods, including the use of disingenuous human rights advocacy used as a form of geopolitical blackmail.

The severity, duration and scope of human rights investigations, or whether they happen at all, depends entirely on any given state’s obedience to US and European powers which hold a monopoly on what is essentially weaponised human rights advocacy. Exposing this weaponisation of human rights advocacy is essential in both preserving a nation’s sovereignty and protecting legitimate, essential human rights advocacy.
Joseph Thomas is chief editor of Thailand-based geopolitical journal, The New Atlas and contributor to the online magazine “New Eastern Outlook”.

America’s Financial War Strategy
By Alasdair Macleod
America’s renewed desire to escalate military tensions is a front for America’s continual financial war, this time directed at North Korea, Syria and possibly Iran. This is likely to be the opinion of China’s strategic advisers.

We analyse the geopolitics and economics behind America’s war strategy from China’s perspective, concluding that it is entering its final phase. China’s exit plan appears to be to tie the pricing of energy and then other major commodities to gold, returning to the pre-1971 status quo, when the dollar was just a settlement link between commodity prices and gold. Except this time, the dollar itself will be side-lined, so far as China is concerned, which will use the yuan instead for its empire, which will be far larger than that of the US in time, measured by GDP.

Introduction
The day President Trump assumed office, it appeared that at last there would be détente with Russia, leading to America’s withdrawal from unwinnable conflicts and towards a new peaceful agreement between these long-term enemies. However, within the traditional presidential bedding-down period of one hundred days, Trump has gone from his electoral platform of disengagement from foreign ventures to overt aggression in multiple locations.

Something major has changed his thinking. Trump has committed no less than five acts of foreign aggression in that short time, with a sixth pending. The first was a joint operation with Emirati commandos in Yemen, which backfired, leading to the death of a Navy SEAL. The second was the recent attack on a Syrian airfield, in response to an alleged poison gas attack. The third is the escalation of military threats against North Korea. The fourth is the bombing of a cave network in Eastern Afghanistan. And the fifth is the deployment of more troops to Northern Iraq and Eastern Syria to step up the fight against ISIS. The rhetoric is also being ramped up against America’s long-term bogeyman, Iran.

The three theatres of war that offer the best prospects for further escalation are Syria, Korea, and Iran. They are in two regions where significant quantities of dollars are owned and invested, offering the potential for capital flight, which should be kept in mind, when reading this article.

Trump is also seeking congressional approval for an increase in defence spending totaling $54bn, a massive increase which, to put it in perspective, compares with Russia’s total defence budget of $66bn.

The default assumption is that American military power and weapons technology guarantees battlefield objectives will be achieved. This hasn’t usually been the case since the first Iraq invasion in 1990. Since then, any initial success has been more than outweighed by subsequent failures and unintended consequences. It is because of American-led operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya and Syria that Europe is flooded with refugees, bringing undercover terrorists with them. There can be little doubt that a dispassionate analyst would recommend America abandons military action, so there must be other reasons behind America’s war-mongering.

China, itself a long-time strategic target for American aggression, is sure to be worried about the escalation of threats to North Korea, and with good reason. In terms of trade, South Korea is now an important trading partner, and for that reason, China will not want to see the situation on the Korean peninsula deteriorate. She will also not want America securing territory which abuts her border. Russia has a small border with North Korea as well and is likely to share that view. However, Russia’s trade is not so much with South Korea, but she is a major arms supplier to the North.

Vladimir Putin
The only leader with good access to North Korea’s president, Kim Jong-un, is Russia’s President Putin. When Trump was first elected, negotiations with North Korea were a realistic option, and there was even talk of Trump meeting Kim Jong-un to negotiate. The route to negotiations was always through Putin, and if that is not actually closed, it is made much more difficult, because of America’s action launching missiles against Russia’s interests in Syria.

While the renewal of hostilities in Korea threatens to resume (they never officially ended in 1953), China and Russia are sure to avoid escalating the situation. President Xi will have made his own assessment of President Trump to this end, which was probably the most important reason for the meeting at Mar-a-Lago, from Xi’s point of view. The rather casual way in which Xi is reported to have been told about the missile strike against Syria over chocolate cake looks like a businessman’s power-play to impress an opponent. It was not an action of statesmanship. Xi is likely to have thought it amateurish, even a sign of weakness, and might have given Putin a debrief of the meeting including this view.

The relationship between Russia and China is strong, and they are likely to coordinate their strategic responses to American aggression in both Korea and Syria. The question is, if America continues to escalate its bellicose actions against North Korea, Syria, and possibly Iran, what will their response be? For clues, we should look at this from China’s point of view. The People’s Liberation Army’s most influential strategist, Major-General Qiao Liang laid out his overall strategic philosophy at a book-study forum of the Communist Party’s Central Committee in Autumn 2015. His view can be taken to be that of the Chinese leadership.

China’s working assumptions
Qiao’s economic analysis and conclusions are both interesting and important, but it should be read for what is not said, as much as what is said. His paper will have been examined and cleared by China’s leadership, before being made publicly available. To that extent, there is likely to be an element of disinformation involved as well. It will also have been intended to be studied by foreign governments, alerting them to America’s true motives.

With these cautions in mind, we can proceed. Qiao’s principal thesis is that America uses the dollar to manage external trade and finance for its domestic benefit. Many of us are familiar with the proposition that by exporting dollars and dollar-denominated bank credit, America creates wealth for both the US government and the major American banks, and that the dollar’s reserve status is accordingly vital to the US economy. But Qiao takes this much further, claiming that since the dollar’s peg to the gold price was abandoned, America has initiated a cycle of economic boom and bust among foreign users of the dollar for its own benefit. As Qiao puts it:

The U.S. avoided high inflation by letting the dollar circulate globally. It also needs to restrain the printing of dollars to avoid a dollar devaluation. Then what should it do when it runs out of dollars?

The Americans came up with a solution: issuing debt to bring the dollar back to the U.S. The Americans started to play a game of printing money with one hand and borrowing money with the other hand. Printing money can make money. Borrowing money can also make money. This financial economy (using money to make money) is much easier than the real (industry-based) economy. Why will it bother with manufacturing industries that have only low value-adding capabilities?

Since August 15, 1971, the U.S. has gradually stopped its real economy and moved into a virtual economy. It has become an “empty” economy state. Today’s U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has reached US$18 trillion, but only $5 trillion is from the real economy.

By issuing debt, the U.S. brings a large amount of dollars from overseas back to the U.S.’s three big markets: the commodity market, the Treasury Bills market, and the stock market. The U.S. repeats this cycle to make money: printing money, exporting money overseas, and bringing money back. The U.S. has thus become a financial empire.

In other words, America’s wealth is sustained by a pump-and-dump operation facilitated by the dollar’s reserve status, replacing genuine industrial production. It is worth clarifying one point: foreign owned dollars never leave the US, only their function. It is more correct to state that the US Government causes dollars to be diverted from foreign trade and investment in manufacturing, to be invested in Treasuries. It can do this by increasing the risks of other uses compared with owning US Treasuries, which are deemed to be “risk free”.

The first cycle identified by Qiao was the expansion of dollars aimed at creating a boom in Latin America in the mid-seventies. Bank credit expanded on the back of a weak dollar. America then raised interest rates to strengthen the dollar when inflation threatened, leading to dollars being switched from riskier uses into safe-haven Treasuries. A widespread financial crisis in Latin America ensued. This allowed American investors subsequently to buy productive assets at rock-bottom prices (the Brady bonds). Meanwhile, the US stock market rose strongly from 1981 onwards, as interest rates subsequently declined.

The second cycle was aimed at South-East Asia, which expanded on the back of a dollar that weakened from 1986 onwards. From 1995, the dollar began to strengthen, culminating in a bear-raid on the Thai baht, which spread to Malaysia, Indonesia and other countries in the region. The Asian Tiger phenomenon was created and destroyed, not by the countries themselves, but by the flood and ebb of dollar ownership and investment. Qiao notes that China escaped being caught up in this US-inspired operation. Again, dollars flowed back into US assets, this time fuelling the tech boom, which had another two years to run.

Qiao goes so far to state that the most important event in the twentieth century was not the two world wars, but America’s abandonment of the gold standard in 1971. This is some statement. While he explains the events that led up to this event convincingly, the flaw in Qiao’s analysis is to assume that America deliberately added the pump-and-dump money-making strategy to the benefits of exporting dollar ownership when freed from the discipline of gold. US strategists in the Deep State almost certainly lacked the degree of control necessary over events.

The real reason US interest rates rose in 1980-81 was to stop runaway domestic inflation, which was getting out of control. The collapse of Latin America was unintended. The Asian crisis was mostly the result of bad investment and outright theft of capital, not the premeditated actions of the American government. Qiao claims that the way dollars were deliberately diverted from foreign investment is by America issuing Treasury debt. While the benefits to America of this pump-and-dump cycle might be obvious expressed in Qiao’s description, the expansion of the quantity of Treasuries being issued is primarily tied to credit cycles, not the result of some devious dealings by the Deep State. But we can at least agree that the consequences of America’s mismanagement of her own financial affairs match Qiao’s observations.

Where Qiao’s analysis gets less easy to criticise is in subsequent American actions. He claims that Saddam Hussein was overthrown because he instituted a policy of selling oil for euros, not dollars. That was true, and there is little doubt that the threat to dollar hegemony was discouraged. He claims the break-up of Yugoslavia was to undermine the status of the new euro. The euro lost 30% of its value from that time and was damaged as a settlement option for global trade. As Qiao goes on to say,“after the first cruise missiles exploded in Kabul, the Dow Jones index jumped up 600 points in one day”.

Qiao then turns his attention to the contemporary cycle (in 2015) of dollar management, claiming it was now aimed at China. In his words,
It was as precise as the tide; the U.S. dollar was strong for six years. Then, in 2002, it started getting weak. Following the same pattern, it stayed weak for ten years. In 2012, the Americans started to prepare to make it strong. They used the same approach: create a regional crisis for other people.

Therefore, we saw that several events happened in relation to China: the Cheonan sinking event, the dispute over the Senkaku Islands (Diaoyu Islands in Chinese), and the dispute over Scarborough Shoal (the Huangyan Island in Chinese). All these happened during this period. The conflict between China and the Philippians over Huangyan Island and the conflict between China and Japan over the Diaoyu Islands, might not appear to have much to do with the U.S. dollar index, but was it really that case? Why did it happen exactly in the tenth year of the U.S. dollar being weak?

Unfortunately, the U.S. played with too much fire [in its own mortgage market] earlier and got itself into a financial crisis in 2008. This delayed the timing of the U.S. dollar’s hike a bit.

If we acknowledge that there is a U.S. dollar index cycle and the Americans use this cycle to harvest from other countries, then we can conclude that it was time for the Americans to harvest China. Why? Because China had obtained the largest amount of investment from the world. The size of China’s economy was no longer the size of a single county; it was even bigger than the whole of Latin America and about the same size as East Asia’s economy.

At the time Qiao presented his paper to the CCP’s Central Committee, the Shanghai stock market was collapsing, and ever since then, there have been bouts of capital flight, which the Chinese authorities have had difficulty containing. The main-stream media in the US has been consistently negative. From Qiao’s perspective, everything points to a pump-and-dump aimed at China. However, China has protected herself from America’s financial attacks through its national ownership of the banks and by capital controls. Consequently, only foreigners can sell yuan to buy dollars, or withdraw dollars from their own operations to invest in Treasuries. Therefore, the damage was always going to be limited.

China also bends with the wind. While America increases her Naval domination of the Pacific region, instead of fighting it she merely increases her influence towards the West. This is the basis of the One Belt One Road project, which is already running goods trains as far as Madrid and London.

China prefers her trade partners to take yuan in payment, and will lend them yuan if called upon. In time, yuan payments will have convertibility into gold using the Shanghai Gold Futures Market when it gains greater depth, making it superior to the dollar as a settlement currency, though Qiao is silent on this point. More on this below. Embedded in Qiao’s analysis is an understanding that the Chinese empire will not only become far larger than the US in terms of trade, but by understanding the weaknesses of American financial imperialism, it will be more enduring.

Solving the US debt limit
These future events are implicit in Qiao’s thesis. Let us assume for a moment that his thesis is valid, then Trump’s threats to escalate a regional war over North Korea and/or Syria/Iran takes on a wholly different light. While it is a stretch of the imagination to believe that the US’s Deep State planned to “harvest” Latin America, followed by South-East Asia in the late nineties, we are entitled to assume that the US government’s own strategic advisers would have learned that manipulating the dollar’s exchange rate in this way is a powerful financial weapon, benefiting America’s domestic finances and keeping its enemies under control. By threatening North Korea, dollar investment is likely to flow out of trade and investment in South Korea and Japan, back to US Treasuries.

Thinking ahead, this could solve two pressing problems: the first is to persuade Congress to sanction an increase in the deficit limit, it always being easier to persuade Congress to finance a government at war, and the second is to attract the necessary dollar-denominated capital to buy Treasury debt, without having to increase interest rates. The US Government is bound to be aware that higher interest rates must be capped to minimise the risk of triggering a full-blown debt crisis.

As was the case with the Asian crisis, it seems China will avoid being undermined by these negative capital flows. Unknown to the public, America has already failed in its financial war against China, and needs new victims, which is why the attention has switched to the Korean peninsula as well as the Middle East. Trump now realises the only way his presidency can prosper is to encourage capital flight into America from abroad, and have the debt limit raised to accommodate it. This, surely, is behind his Damascene conversion.

Japan and South Korea will most probably have studied Qiao’s paper, becoming wise to America’s true motives, and are therefore more likely to distance themselves from trading in dollars thereafter. Their private sectors will be slow to understand these financial dynamics, so will remain victims. But for governments and large corporations, the American gaff has been blown. This is likely to lead us into a new world, where the dollar’s decline as a reserve and trade currency accelerates, as America runs out of its pump-and-dump victims. And when that happens, the dollar is almost certain to rapidly lose its purchasing power, leading to a global currency reset and a far higher dollar price for gold.

Gold’s glaring omission
A clue that Qiao’s report was censored is the absence of any mention of China’s gold accumulation strategy. While Qiao was quick to notice the importance of the link between gold and the dollar in the Bretton Woods years, there is no mention of why China has been amassing gold, ever since the original regulations were promulgated in 1983, appointing the Peoples Bank for this function. There is no mention of why gold was promoted to ordinary citizens after the Shanghai Gold Exchange opened in 2002, no mention of why China has invested in gold mining to the point where it is now the largest producer in the world by far, and no mention of why the government retains a monopoly on refining, even buying doré from other countries to refine and accumulate. There is no mention that leads us to understand why Chinese state refined gold bars are hardly ever seen outside China.

China places a great emphasis on hoarding gold, both for itself and its citizens. The public has acquired an estimated 12,000-14,000 tonnes since 2002, and this writer has speculated that the Government has hoarded in various accounts as much as a further 20,000 tonnes since 1983. For the government, this represents an average annual accumulation of less than 600 tonnes a year, mostly at contemporary prices far lower than the current dollar level.

But China has gone even further, seeking to control the global market by making the Shanghai Gold Exchange the largest physical exchange by far. She has now introduced yuan gold futures contracts, which will be followed by yuan oil futures contracts in time. This ensures that foreign traders in commodities and wholesale goods can sell forward the yuan they receive in return for gold, increasing the attractiveness of trade finance and settled in yuan compared with dollars. And when the yuan oil contract is introduced, oil importers will use the yuan contracts to sell oil for gold.

In one simple action, China is ready to change the pricing of oil to gold instead of dollars. All she needs to do is pull the trigger, presumably when she has sold down her own dollar reserves to stockpile industrial commodities. And when oil is effectively settled in gold through the futures markets, we can expect other commodities to follow.

This should come as no surprise to the American state, close to being declared check-mate by China on the geopolitical chess board. The dollar price of gold is likely to rise sharply, reflecting the loss of purchasing power for the dollar, and it will end the American dollar’s exorbitant privilege, enjoyed since the end of the gold standard in 1971. It is potentially the coup-de grace for both the paper dollar and American imperialism.

Conclusion
China is thinking ahead, and has its own unique understanding of how America manages its financial empire for the benefit of its domestic economy, at the expense of everyone else. China has protected herself, and attempts by America to undermine China’s economy have already failed. Attention is now focused elsewhere. The latest war-mongering against North Korea, Syria and possibly Iran has much to do with persuading Congress to raise the debt ceiling, and to encourage capital flight back into a new wave of US Treasuries without interest rates being raised. This neatly explains Trump’s change of heart over foreign adventures.

The current attempt to pump-and-dump the economies of Japan and South Korea by escalating tension over North Korea, as well as countries with dollar balances in the Middle East by escalating Syria, Northern Iraq and Iran, will likely be the last such attempt. China’s publication of Qiao’s analysis has alerted government strategists everywhere to the use of this tactic, reducing its efficacy. America is running out of fools to fleece.

The end game for the dollar and America’s harvesting of foreign countries is therefore in sight, and it will likely end with a final dollar crisis. China could bring this about at a time of its own choosing, simply by introducing the planned oil futures yuan contract alongside the gold futures yuan contract. When liquid enough, oil producers will be able to sell oil for gold, effectively restoring the pre-1971 price relationships. This explains the dynamics being played out at the highest levels, and America has the most to lose. But because China still owns large quantities of US Treasuries and dollar reserves, for the moment she might prefer more time before executing the coup de grace.

But execute it, she will. Her fundamental objective is to remove America’s ability to profit from having everything priced in dollars. Logically, that means getting oil and other key commodities referenced in gold, as they were before the Nixon shock in 1971, with fiat currencies merely being the settlement media. America must be careful not to bring forth the date of her own demise by attacking North Korea, Syria, or Iran.
Note
For a summary of Qiao Liang’s speech, see http://chinascope.org/archives/6458/76
The original source of this article is Goldmoney











Tuesday, 9 May 2017

Race for the NDC’s Presidential Candidate- MAHAMA IS COMING!!!


Former President John Dramani Mahama
There are very strong indications that former President John Dramani Mahama will be the Presidential Candidate of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) in the 2020 elections.

Although Mr Mahama has repeatedly said that it is too early to announce his intentions persons close to him are sending clear signals that it is not over yet.

Madam Hannah Tetteh, former Minister of Foreign Affairs said publicly only last week that she would support a Mahama candidacy.

Before her others like former Deputy Minister of Education, Samuel Okudzeto Ablakwa and Mr Kofi Adams National Organiser have said that former President Mahama is the best bet for the party for 2020.

Some party insiders say that he is likely to get as much as 80 per cent of votes at the NDC’s primaries.

Professor Joshua Alabi, can he do the do?
So far only former Member of Parliament Nii Amasah Namoale has had the courage to declare publicly that he will join the contest for presidential candidature of the NDC.

It is believed that Professor Joshua Alabi, former Vice Chancellor of the University of Development Studies (UDS), Mr Ekow Spio-Gabrah, former Minister of Trade and Mr Sly Mensah, former Chief Executive Officer of the National Health Insurance Scheme are secretly lacing their boots for the contest.

Although Mr Gussie Tanoh, a former cadre of the NDC is announced to be interested in the race, he has to jump over a qualification hurdle given his exit from the party in the year 2000.

Former President Mahama appears to be keeping his cards too close to his chest with the former Chief of Staff Julius Debrah reported to be very active in his corner.

Editorial
TEACHING FRENCH
President Nana Addo Danquah Akufo-Addo has threatened that his administration is about to make the teaching and learning of French at the Senior High School level compulsory.

The rational for this policy is that Ghana is surrounded by former French colonies who use French as their official language.

The compulsory learning of French in Ghana is meant to promote better interactions with citizens of our neighbouring countries.

Our position is that learning French cannot be bad. The acquisition of all knowledge is positive and we would encourage that.

However given the fact that students at the SHS level cannot learn everything and anything, national policy about what to learn and not to learn must necessarily be discriminatory.

We wonder why the teaching of African history is not far more important than the teaching of French.

In any case is Hausa not a more binding language in West Africa than French?

AHMADIYYA MOVEMENT ON MORAL DECADENCE
Mr Nasir Ahmad Bonsu

By Afedzi Abdullah
The Ahmadiyya Muslim Movement has called on religious, political and societal leaders to make the conscious effort to weed out the increasing spate of indiscipline among the youth in the country.

It said the collapse of the moral fibre of the society in recent times, must be a concern for all as it poses a threat to the future and development of the country.

The movement said moral decadence was worse than a complex and serious disease with devastating consequences and should be prevented from being functional in the society.
Mr Nasir Ahmad Bonsu, National President of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Youth Association (Majlis Khudam-ul-Ahmadiyya), in Ghana, said these at the 36th annual rally of the Central-West Region.

The three-day annual rally which was on the theme:” Mobilising for Ghana’s future, the role of the Ahmadi youth”, was aimed at working towards improving the spirituality, moral, social and physical development of members to increase their faith in Allah.

Mr Bonsu said crimes such as corruption, alcoholism, prostitution, murder and other vices like laziness, the quest to become rich overnight among others, which persisted in the society were inimical to our development.

“Moral degradation has destroyed individuals, families, dynasties and nations alike from within. It starts slowly with seemingly harmless choices by some individuals and spreads like an epidemic affecting the whole society,” he said.

He said mobilizing for Ghana’s future must entail mobilizing for high moral values among the youth while they were made to realise the need to be morally upright and eschew all forms of negative practices.

Mr Bonsu noted with regret that the ‘secular society’, in the name of freedom of choice was unwilling to condemn the spread of moral degradation in the society.

He said a nation could not be reformed without the reformation of its youth and stressed that, it was imperative for the youth to be given the necessary opportunities and training in order to bring the desired change.

Mr Bonsu bemoaned what he described as “utter disregard to authority” citing the activities of the Delta Forces, Invincible Forces and other vigilante groups.

He said there is the need to imbibe in the youth the spirit of total submission to authority.

“Today in Ghana, there seem to be utter disregard for authority. Hooliganism, disorderliness, rebellion, lawlessness and disrespect for the elderly is almost eating up the structures in our homes, offices, families and society at large,” he said.

He urged the Muslim youth to eschew all negative tendencies, sacrifice themselves towards the growth of the society, be selfless and role models to be able to contribute meaningfully to the development of the country.

Mr Dawood Aboagye, the Presiding Member of Assin South District Assembly, speaking as the Guest of Honour, admonished the youth to endeavor to contribute their quota towards the development of the country irrespective of their religion, culture and political affiliations.
He said rendering such services, which contributed to the faith of a believer, would go a long way to entice other people to join Islam Ahmadiyyat.

Mr Aboagye urged the youth to bring to bear the knowledge and skills acquired as followers of the Holy Prophet Mohammed in their lives to embrace peace and tranquility to ensure sanity the society.

As part of this year’s rally, the movement earlier donated 19 pants of blood to the Mankessim Catholic Hospital.
GNA

Russia broadens economic ties with Africa
President Vladimir Putin
From Kester Kenn Klomegah, Moscow Bureau Chief
With the worsening relations with the United States and the Western European countries, Russia is seen broadening its economic and trade ties with Asian and African countries.

Sergei Dankvert, the Head of Russia’s Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Control in Moscow, said Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Iran, Uruguay, Chile, Vietnam, Egypt, Tunis, Serbia and Morocco were among countries that had increased deliveries of their products during the effective period of sanctions against Russia.

Over the past few years, Russian authorities have been looking for potential agricultural products exporters in Latin American, Asian and African Regions.

As gathered over the past few months, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco have shown their preparedness to cooperate and are still looking at the possibility to boost exports of agricultural products especially fruits and vegetables to Russian food market to help fill in the gap after President Vladimir Putin slapped sanctions that severely limit food imports from foreign countries.

South Africa has been a promising partner in Southern African Region while Morocco is one of the leading trade partners of Russia in North Africa.

Morocco has already exported some of its agricultural items especially fruits and vegetables to the burgeoning market.

Philip Mundia Githiora, the Minister Counsellor at the Kenyan Embassy in Moscow, pointed out explicitly in an interview that Russia offered a large market for Kenyan agricultural products and that Kenya already exported some agricultural products including cut-flowers, tea and coffee to the Russian Federation.

Nyaniso Isaac Miti, Minister Counsellor in charge of Agricultural Affairs at the South Africa Embassy in Moscow, also stressed that South Africa’s agricultural export basket was also dominated by citrus fruit, grapes and apples, and Russia had stated its readiness to increase the purchase of those products.

The Russian Federation has offered customs preferential depending of the volumes the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) can meet.

The only challenge thus far is the exportation of meat and fish products from South Africa to Russia, the Minister Counsellor in charge of Agricultural Affairs explained.

Elena Nagornaya, Chief Executive Officer and Founder of Kenny Group of Companies and Africa Trade Alliance (ATA) said exporters from Europe, America and Asia had long appreciated the Russian market.

“There are a number of Africa countries, especially those in northern, eastern and southern Africa that are present in Russia.

“Amid the embargo, the question of considering a wide-range of imported agricultural products from some African countries is becoming a reality. Now, it is a unique opportunity for raising the agricultural supplies to Russia from Africa,” she pointed out.
GNA

Creating the new man in Africa
Captain Thomas Sankara
How do we create new men in Africa? A process of consciousness raising, or the journey of men increasing their self-awareness of patriarchy or male domination, is required. The new man should be able to experience empathy, to care for others, show compassion and to discuss their emotions openly.

Imagine a poster with the words: “New men wanted in Africa!” Most people would find the statement amusing, but that is what Africa urgently needs. This specific demand has to be part of a radical transformation in attitudes and outlooks that the continent must undergo, alongside fundamental socio-economic development as the 21st century continues to unfold.

Thomas Sankara, the Burkinabé revolutionary who was committed to socio-economic and political change in his country, had the courage to state that the waging of revolution would also “upset the relations of authority between men and women and force each to rethink the nature of both.” (emphasis mine) He was also correct in declaring that “… the revolution cannot triumph without the genuine emancipation of women.” Equally, I would like to argue, that the revolution cannot triumph without a transformation in the thinking, mentality, attitudes, or consciousness of African men/boys. And for that to happen, we need to address male domination in African societies.

Human beings are born not to question male domination. Both boys and girls are socialised into accepting that boys are to be loud and girls are to be quiet.
Boys can be angry and aggressive and girls are allowed to cry and show a “soft” and nurturing side.

Boys can be inquisitive and ask questions whilst girls are expected to be passive and submissive. Boys and men can certainly NOT cry for that is being “emtional”, which only girls and women are allowed to be. These are some of the gendered stereotypes and expectations of how boys/men and girls are expected to behave in Africa (and around much of the globe). In academia, the term employed to describe this phenomenon of male superiority and female inferiority is “patriarchy.”

In Africa, many cultural expectations are ingrained through socialisation and unquestioned cultural customs and practices to reinforce patriarchy and gendered expectations. Patriarchy is a system of ideas that intersects with other forms of domination such as class, homophobia, sizeism and racism. Patriarchy is invisible; it is like the air we breathe that we do not recognise and feel its presence; yet it surrounds us and is unconsciously (and consciously) ingrained in our thought patterns and actions. It manifests itself in Africa in many ways such as the predominance of male political leaders, despite AU protocols and the fact that several African parliaments such as Rwanda, Mozambique, Uganda, and Senegal, have a large number of female parliamentarians. Men continue to disproportionately occupy top leadership positions; the bulk of agricultural work in Africa is carried out by women in the rural areas and it is women who dominate the informal economy whilst the “formal” economy is dominated by African men. Conflict in Africa, particularly war, is waged by men and when we see images of peace negotiations it is two men from opposing sides and not women that we see shaking hands. Women are absent in photo-ops in all peace negotiations (unless it is a woman who is behind the camera taking the shot? But I doubt it). Yet, who creates and fuels war?

We need therefore to creatively “rethink” – as Sankara urges us - the nature of what it means to be male and female. But more importantly, we must begin to bring up our children differently in a de-patriarchal manner, in which, we do not for example scold boys for crying and girls for being “tom-boyish” or “too forward” in being outspoken in their views in school or outside of school. This will be a long-term undertaking that takes courage and commitment by parents, educators and the community.

Rethinking the nature of “male” and “female”, or “de-patriarchizing society,” also requires men who are genuine and serious about radical transformation to re-evaluate their own behaviour and thought patterns in respect to empathy and ethical considerations. For most African men (to generalise here) are consciously or unconsciously under societal and cultural pressures to conform to some notion of a “hegemonic masculinity” – that is, an African man is aggressive, strong, competitive, in control, dominant and active. These are cultural ideas that are variously expressed in the myriad of diverse cultures that make up the African continent. Girls/women are expected to embody the socially valued behaviours of being nurturing, emotional, subordinate, passive, gentle, and to be receptive.

Osagyefo Dr Kwame Nkrumah
In order to create new African men, a process of consciousness raising, or the journey of men increasing their self-awareness of patriarchy or male domination, is one that has to operate on a number of levels. It must operate on a societal level, whereby those progressive elements in the media, the church, mosque, trade unions and other institutions take up the issue not only in rhetorical policy declarations but in their actions and training within their institutions. Another level is that of the family, as the first social unit in which human beings are born. The family needs to socialise boys and girls differently. This extends to the wider extended family and peer group who are also very in-fluential in legitimating negative and positive behaviour, norms and values.

It will involve men/boys having the courage and confidence to confront the sexist/patriarchal views and attitudes of other boys and men whether openly or on a one to one basis. An example of this is when men/boys hold each other accountable for their language and behaviour. Such men need to provide new models of what a “real man” looks like i.e. not one who is “macho”, “tough”, “silent” and unable to express his emotions. Related to this is the fact that such men/boys should embody emotional literacy. Generally, most men lack emotional engagement, emotional caretaking and relational skills, which are too often qualities and skills relegated as the domain of women. Hence, boys/men growing up are only able to express rage and anger which often lead to violence i.e. domestic abuse and violence and in countries where there is conflict; it is channelled into armed militaries and rape/sexual assault of women (as in the DRC and elsewhere).

New men are able to experience empathy, to care for others, show compassion and discuss their emotions openly. The African-American cultural critic and feminist, bell hooks, defines a “feminist masculinity” as comprising of “integrity, self-love, emotional awareness, assertiveness” and relational skills. The adverse impact of patriarchy is that men and boys are forced to wear a mask concealing their inner selves; denying their emotions for displaying the emotions of “toughness”, “strength.” The requirement by a patriarchal and capitalist society compartmentalises the psyche, thoughts, and actions and thereby creates schizoid humans. In the Western world, for example, in the UK this has led to a high incidence of mental illness and suicides among males.

As there is no blueprint for creating a new non-sexist, anti-imperialist, anti-capitalist world, our strategies will be based on an evolving basis of theory and practice. One first and crucial step, must involve men remaining silent and genuinely listening to the women around them.

* Dr Ama Biney is a historian and political scientist and former editor-in-chief of Pambazuka News. This piece was previously published by Speaking Truth to Power, The Steve Biko Transformative Education Project online newsletter, Volume 1, Issue 2 April 2017.
References
See Thomas Sankara Speaks, p. 202. Ibid, p.219.
See bell hooks The Will to Change p. 118.
See ‘Professor Green reveals his personal battle with depression”  http://www.express.co.uk/celebrity- news/606548/Professor-Green-depression- mental-illness

It’s time to lift the ideological haze in debates about Africa’s middle class
The so-called middle class appears to be a “muddling class”. Rigorously explored differentiation remains largely absent – not to mention any substantial class analysis. Fortunately, though, the debate has created sufficient awareness among scholars to explore the fact and fiction of the assumed transformative power of a middle class.

The middle classes in the Global South gained growing attention since the turn of the century, mainly through their rapid ascendancy in the Asian emerging economies. A side effect of the economic growth during these ‘fat years’ was a relative increase of monetary income for a growing number of households.

This also benefited some lower income groups in resource-rich African economies. Many among these crossed the defined poverty levels, which were raised in late 2015 from US$ 1.25 a person a day to US$ 1.90. As some economists had suggested, from as little as US$2 they were considered as entering the “middle class”.

The ominous term was rising like a phoenix from the ashes to characterise this trend. It added another label to the packaging of a neo-liberal discourse. By emphasising the free market paradigm as creating the best opportunities for all, it suggests that everyone benefits from a laissez-faire economy.

But the middle class concept remained vague and limited to number crunching. The minimum threshold for entering a so-called middle class in monetary terms was critically vulnerable to a setback into impoverishment. After all, one sixth of the world’s population has to make a fragile living on US$ 2 to 3 a day.

The African Development Bank played a defining role in promoting the debate. Using the US$2 benchmark, it declared some 300 million Africans (about a third of the continent’s population) as being middle class in 2011. A year later it expanded its guesstimates to 300 million to 500 million. It also set them up as being very important.

Such monetary acrobatics aside, the analytical deficit which characterises such classification is seriously problematic. The so-called middle class appears to be a “muddling class”. Rigorously explored differentiation remained largely absent – not to mention any substantial class analysis. Professional activities, social status, cultural, ethnic or religious affinities or lifestyle as well as political orientations were hardly (if at all) considered.

But lived experiences matter if one is in search of how to define a middle class as an array of collective identities. Such necessary debate has in the meantime arrived in African studies. And the claim to ownership is also reflected in a just published volume that documents the need to deconstruct the mystification of the middle class being declared as the torchbearers of progress and development.

Politics, economic growth and the middle class
As alerted in a paper by UNU-WIDER, a new middle class as a meaningful social actor does require a collective identity in pursuance of common interests. Once upon a time this was called class-consciousness, based on a “class in itself” while acting as a “class for itself”. After all, which “middle” is occupied by an African “middle class”, if this is not positioned also in terms of class awareness and behaviour?

Politically such middle classes seem not as democratic as many of those singing their praises assume. Middle classes have shown ambiguities - ranging from politically progressive engagement to a status-quo oriented, conservative approach to policies (if being political at all). African realities are not different.

In South Africa, the only consistency of the black middle class in historical perspective is its political inconsistency, as political scientist Roger Southall has suggested. They are no more likely to hold democratic values than other black South Africans. In fact, they are more likely to want government to secure higher order needs such as proper service delivery, infrastructure and rule of law according to their living circumstances rather than basic, survival needs.

It remains dubious that middle classes in Africa by their sheer existence promote economic growth. Their increase was mainly a limited result of the trickle down effects of the resource based economic growth rates during the first decade of the 21st century since then in decline. This had hardly economic potential stimulating productive investment that contributes towards sustainable economic growth.

There’s also little evidence of any correlation between economic growth and social progress, as a working paper of the IMF concludes. While during the “fat years” the poor partly became a little less poor, the rich got much richer. Even the African Development Bank admits that the income discrepancies as measured by the Gini-coefficient have increased, while six among the ten most unequal countries in the world are in Africa.

Nancy Birdsall, president emeritus of the Centre for Global Development, is among the most prominent advocates and protagonists of the middle class. She argues in support of a middle class rather than a pro-poor developmental orientation. But even she concedes that a sensible political economy analysis needs to differentiate between the rich with political leverage and the rest.

She remains nevertheless adamant that the middle class is an ingredient for good governance. This is based on her assumption that continued economic growth reduces inequalities. She further hypothesises that a growing middle class has a greater interest in an accountable government and supports a social contract, which taxes it as an investment into collective public goods to the benefit of also the poorDream on!

Time to lift the ideological haze
It remains necessary to put the record straight and lift the ideological haze. Already the United Nations Development Programme’s Human Development 2013 report, which also promoted the middle class hype, predicted that 80% of middle classes would come from the global South by 2030, but only 2% from Sub-Saharan Africa.

Recent assessments claim that it’s not the middle of African societies which expands, but the lower and higher social groups.

According to a report by the Pew Research Centre only a few African countries had a meaningful increase of those in the middle-income category.

And the Economist, which earlier shifted its doomsday visions of a “Hopeless Continent” towards “Africa Rising” and the “Continent of Hope”, now concludes that Africans are mainly rich or poor but not middle class.

Fortunately, the debate has created sufficient awareness among scholars to explore the fact and fiction of the assumed transformative power of a middle class. This also includes the need to be sensitive towards ideological smokescreens which try to make us believe that a middle class is the cure. In reality, little has changed when it comes to leverage and control over social and political affairs.

The current engagement with the African middle class phenomenon is nevertheless anything but obsolete. Independent of their numbers, middle class members signify modified social relations. These deserve attention and analysis with the emphasis on social relations.

Cambridge Economist Göran Therborn stresses that discourse on class is always of social relevance. The boom of the middle class debate is therefore a remarkable symptom of our decade. Social class will remain a category of central importance, and bringing the class back in can do no harm.

* Henning Melber is Extraordinary Professor, Department of Political Sciences, University of Pretoria and the editor of a new volume, The Rise of Africa’s Middle Class. This article originally appeared in The Conversation.
Source; Pambazuka News

South Korea Refuses to pay for THAAD Missile Shield
© AP Photo/ U.S. Force Korea 
South Korea said it won't pay for the deployment of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system in the country after US President Trump said in an interview with Reuters he would like to get $1 billion from Seoul for protecting it from Pyongyang's possible attacks.

But South Korea’s Defense Ministry says the United States should pay the costs of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system, local media reported.

The military’s statement, seen by the Yonhap news agency, reiterated that its position on the deployment of a US anti-missile system on Korean soil remained unchanged, meaning Washington had to pay.

The response came after President Donald Trump said, in an interview with Reuters, he wanted South Korea to pay for the $1-billion defense system, stationed in the country to shield it from a possible missile attack by North Korea.

Belgium ‘regrets’ helping elect Saudi Arabia to UN women's rights panel

Belgium’s vote in favor of appointing Saudi Arabia to a United Nations women’s rights commission was due to a regrettable diplomatic mix-up, said Prime Minister Charles Michel, after the decision sparked a firestorm of criticism at home.

“If we could do it again and if we would have the chance to discuss it at government level, I of course would have argued that we not approve this,” Michel told parliament on Thursday.

“I regret the vote,” he added.

Saudi Arabia was expected to have its accession to the 45-member commission rubber stamped as the number of nominees matched the exact number of available seats.

But when the US called for a sudden vote, Michel explained that Belgium’s UN representative did not have sufficient time to consult with Brussels, and pushed through Riyadh’s bid.

While Saudi Arabia managed to easily gain a place with 47 votes out of 54, the election of a state that does not even allow women to drive, treats their evidence as less valuable in court, and forces them to obtain a permission from a male guardian to travel or undergo a medical procedure, caused a resonance.

“There is a regret but there is a missed opportunity to make a strong gesture for the right of women today trampled on by an act that has dishonored our country,” said Gwenaelle Grovonius of the opposition Socialist Party, who also demanded that foreign minister Didier Reynders, who had said he was unaware of the vote at the time, resign for the imbroglio.

 “Belgium is generally active in defending women’s rights and expresses its views on this issue, so I was surprised to learn that it had supported a country with no regard for women and which continually flouts their rights. At first I thought it was not possible,” said Viviane Teitelbaum of the Council of Francophone women, an activist group.

Saudi Women
“Human rights activists everywhere ought to accept this rare apology,” said Hillel Neuer, executive director of the non-profit UN Watch, “provided that it is matched with a real commitment to ending the UN’s routine elevation of gross human rights abusers to influential human rights bodies, which only empowers the regimes, not the victims.”

UN Watch, whose coverage drew attention to what may otherwise have been a quiet backroom vote, called on other democratic states that voted for Saudi Arabia in what was a secret ballot, to reveal their decision, and follow Belgium’s example.

“Saudi Arabia may have a large part of the world’s oil wealth, but their contempt for the basic rights of women should never be legitimized by UN bodies or by liberal democracies such as Belgium,” said Neuer. 

Trump’s Political Suicide Pushes China, Iran and Russia Closer
Presidents Putin, Xi Jinping and Rohani
The first aspect to consider, following the US attack on Syria, is what Putin, Xi, and Rohani, leaders of the Russian Federation, the People’s Republic of China, and Iran respectively, thought while American Tomahawks were hitting the Syrian air base of Shayrat.

The last three years of the Obama presidency highlighted two very different strategies being advanced simultaneously by the US and the nations opposing its imperialistic overreach, principally Russia, China and Iran. The latter have been seeking cooperation, while the US, with its big hammer, has characteristically been on the search for nails to hammer. Yet the management of international relations has always sought to maintain wide diplomatic channels, even putting in place precautions in the military arena, such as direct communication lines at the height of tensions of 2014 in Ukraine.

With the DPRK, Obama adopted an attitude of strategic patience rather than the posture being employed by Trump of military bullying. With Iran, Obama’s team negotiated a nuclear deal that included a lot of diplomacy between Moscow, Beijing and Washington. One could almost say that, with the exception of Ukraine and Syria, relations between Washington and major chancelleries in Eurasia had their ups and downs, but they rarely reached the levels of concern that were seen in the first days the Trump presidency.
Let us take Syria as an example. Obama resisted pressure to bomb the country following a false-flag chemical attack done by al Qaeda-type rebels. The media and intelligence accused Assad, but Obama saw through this and decided against further entanglement in the Syrian quagmire. Facing a similar situation, Trump instead decided to proceed and bomb a sovereign nation, creating a ripple effect whose ultimate results are at this stage difficult to discern.

Surely one of the first results has been the cancellation of any kind of cooperation between the US and Russia in Syria. This means that any nations operating against Islamist terrorism in Syria will be reluctant to grant further concessions to Washington. In recent weeks, Moscow and Damascus have preferred to hit Daesh and Nusra Front while inflicting relatively little damage to the Islamists in the country controlled by Washington and its allies, normally the FSA and its affiliates. This Russian posture was in deference to Kerry’s original request to Lavrov that a clear distinction be made between terrorists and so-called moderate rebels.

Moscow was aware from the beginning that there is no substantial differences between Nusra Front, Al-Qaeda, and other minor Daesh acronyms gathered around the FSA. All groups are armed and fighting against the legitimate Syrian government, making them legitimate targets, especially following America’s unilateral bombing of Syria.

The strategy of Damascus, Tehran and Moscow was aimed at finding a common understanding, from the diplomatic point of view, in order to bring Washington to the negotiating table. Concessions by both parties were necessary, and from the perspective of Russian forces, focusing on Nusra Front and Daesh was a good bargaining chip to use.
After Trump’s actions in Syria, all kinds of cooperation has been suspended, and it is anticipated that Damascus’s allies will specifically target US proxy forces in Syria as a response. The consequence will be that the US will have even less influence in Syria then before lobbing its 60-or-so missiles. In addition to this, Trump’s intention in the bombing should be seen as seeking to increase his negotiating position with Moscow on the question of Syria. What does not appear clear to the American president is that his actions may have the opposite effect. Putin is certainly not the type of person who lets others intimidate him or put him in a weak situation. If the intention of Trump was to create the ideal conditions for Tillerson and Lavrov to establish a cooperative relationship, perhaps it would be appropriate to ask what kind of understanding Trump has of international relations.

After this reckless action in Syria, Trump will have greater difficulty carrying out his plan to defeat Daesh, if this is still the plan. And so another election promise – the one to wipe Daesh off the map – is likely to be broken. This is not to mention that the SDF, the Kurdish forces, will from now on be viewed with more hostility by the Syrian and Russian forces, being ground troops who are undeclared by the US military.

Given the unpredictability of the US, Damascus cannot rule out the possibility that Washington’s final intent is to further the original plan of partitioning Syria as proposed by the Brookings Institute and embraced by the neocons and liberal-interventionist crowd. Moscow and Damascus cannot trust Washington, and this precludes many opportunities for Trump to pursue a foreign policy that aligns with his election promises.

President Xi during the Syrian bombing was at a diplomatic meeting with Trump and was told about the military action at the end of the meeting. It is likely that Trump wanted to send a message to the Chinese president and, indirectly, to Kim Jong-un, the leader of the DPRK. For the American president, this was all about a show of force, aimed at restoring the US role in the world and dictating the diplomatic conditions on which to agree for the resolution of various conflicts or areas of tension around the world. It is an approach that has almost entirely eliminated any possible cooperation with Beijing and Moscow.

Putin, Xi, and Rohani must leave behind any hopes for cooperation with Washington. It is important for them to send a strong message to Trump that the front opposing US imperialism is compact and ready to respond in the case of further provocations. Of course such a response need not necessarily be with military action but rather with all the alternatives available, such as with the areas of finance, the economy and diplomacy.

Until a few weeks ago, Moscow, Beijing and Tehran aimed at a resolution of problems with Washington in order to find a strategic balance in international relations. At this point in time, it should be clear that this strategy will not work. We are in a multipolar world that is synonymous with instability. The ideal conditions for a balance of political forces lie in a joint duopoly that recalls the situation that obtained during the Cold War. Even the unipolar moment guaranteed greater stability in a certain sense, given the unfortunate disproportion of force that the US enjoyed throughout the 1990s. What Trump finds hard to understand is that in a multipolar reality, the chances of clashes increase significantly.

Trump is meddling directly or indirectly in a lot of situations, ranging from Iran’s involvement in Syria, threatened by American partners such as Saudi Arabia; to the use of Russian forces in Syria; passing by the perennial crisis in Ukraine; and instability in the Caucasus and Central Asia. In China we have the autonomous region of Xinjiang, the South China Sea, and not to forget tensions with New Delhi as well as the explosive situation in the DPRK. If Trump is confident in being able to test the waters in each of these situations, even with the use of the military, to arrive at better negotiating positions, it is best that we all prepare for a nuclear winter.

The key issue for China, Russia and Iran must necessarily be to place emphasis on increasing cooperation in several areas, such as finance, the economy, the military, and politics. Up until a month ago, as a result of Trump’s victory over Hillary Clinton, all three of these nations aspired for cooperation in the field of international relations with the US on equal terms. After what happened in Syria, they have fully understood that this opportunity is now threatened by a clear desire by Trump to risk everything in order to improve his negotiating position. This is the reckless attitude of an unprepared POTUS.

Only a strong unity of purpose, under the economic umbrella of a jettisoning of the dollar as a reserve currency, can change the situation dramatically. In addition to this, the US dollar must be excluded in trade deals between cooperating nations. Another important effort lies with stocking up as much gold as possible. With these methods, it will be possible to stand up to the US’s pressure without it leading to a military conflict. Organizations such as the BRICS, SCO, Eurasian Union and One Belt, One Road must necessarily take up the challenge thrown down by Trump with the launch of 59 missiles on Syria, and show what consequences Trump has brought on himself through his rash actions. Moscow, Tehran and Beijing have an impetus to finally overcome any lingering hesitation and to completely disengage from the western system. Instead of creating alternative ways to operate in the economic and financial sphere, they should try to replace the current one, making it irrelevant and inconvenient for other nations.

The primary objective for these three nations must be from now on to resolve every dispute between them and form an alliance that goes beyond the mere question of economic or financial convenience. The goal should be to create a cultural and social system that can represent an opportunity for other third countries vis-a-vis a predatory capitalism and a rampant imperialistic approach that Trump appears to have signed onto.

Trump’s actions ultimately worsened the US State of the World. The failure of the military operation involving the launch of the Tomahawks showed the US to be more of a paper tiger today than the unbeatable war machine it depicts itself to be. Decades of corruption at the highest levels of the military-industrial complex have finally started to affect the United State’s ability to wage war. It is an observation that is a taboo amongst the US and its allies, who need to maintain the illusion for deterrence, as well as to allow for the gravy train to continue to line the pockets of those who profit from this corrupt system. Reality shows us that in any real conflict, the United States vulnerability and lack of combat readiness shows.

In a situation like this, the strategy of Moscow and its allies is to produce weapons systems capable of inflicting considerable damage to the United States at low cost, given that Moscow cannot simply print more money and pour debt on the rest of the world in order to finance its wars. A great example of this can be seen with the anti-ship missiles Moscow possesses, which are capable of destroying American aircraft carriers, considered the backbone of the US war strategy. A missile that costs hundreds of thousand of euros can cause damage to an aircraft carrier worth tens of billions of dollars, inflicting a mortal blow to the credibility of American military posture.

If Trump will continue down this destructive path, such as with encouraging the entrance of Montenegro into NATO after an election campaign where he labelled the Atlantic alliance obsolete, he will only get the opposite effect to the one desired, which is to say worse negotiating positions with peer American competitors like Moscow and Beijing. Maybe it is time to wonder whether Trump is really keen on a de-escalation model of international relations, aimed at brokering deals from positions of strength, or whether his ultimate aim is simply to preserve America’s unipolar moment in any possible way, even with war. It is a perspective that should be discussed widely by nations such as Iran, Russia and China in order to find a perfect asymmetrical response through economic, financial, political and social means that avoid a direct conflict. The war between the American elites seems to have come to an end and the neoliberals and neocons seem to have won. Wars and chaos will continue, as with the last decades of US foreign policy. It is a sad prospect that the nations opposing Washington will have to deal with.
The original source of this article is Strategic Culture Foundation
Korea’s “Sunshine Policy”:The Reunification of North and South Korea
North and South Korean Flags
With the Trump administration and the mainstream media gleefully beating the war drums for a military attack on North Korea, there’s crucial historical context missing from the corporate media coverage of this issue. I suspect most Americans have never heard of of Korea’s “Sunshine Policy” (1998-2008), aimed at eventual reunification of North and South Korea. We certainly heard about it here in New Zealand, thanks to the mass revolt in Bush’s diplomatic corps when he deliberately sabotaged this policy to isolate and provoke North Korea into amping up their their nuclear weapons program.

On learning of the Sunshine Policy, my Americans friends are shocked to learn that North Korea moved from active engagement in 1998 in nuclear disarmament and negotiations towards Korean reunification to announcing the their first nuclear weapons test in 2006. They also have no idea of the deliberate steps the Bush/Cheney administration took to sink the Sunshine Policy, nor their devious motives for doing so.

Carter’s 1994 Agreed Framework and the Origins of South Korea’s Sunshine Policy
The Sunshine Policy grew out of a treaty (the Agreed Framework) former president Jimmy Carter negotiated with late North Korean President Kim Il Sung in 1994. In return for North Korea agreeing to cease its nuclear weapons program and permitting the return of International Atomic Energy (IAEA) inspectors, the US agreed to replace the power lost when North Korea closed its Yongbyon reactor with oil shipments and two modern nuclear plants.

The North Koreans kept this agreement, and in 1998 South Korean president Kim Dae Jung began his Sunshine Policy aimed at lessening tensions and building reconciliation between North and South Korea. In June 2000, leaders of the two countries held a historic three-day summit in Pyongyang (the first in 50 years) and signed a pact in which they agreed to work towards reunification. Among other provisions, the agreement included substantial South Korean humanitarian aid to address North Korea’s chronic food shortages, loosening of restrictions on South Korean investment in North Korea, the opening of North Korea’s Kumgang Tourist Region to South Korean visitors, the establishment of a family reunification program, the opening of rail links through the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and a worker exchange program permitting South Korean workers to work at North Korea’s Kaesang Industrial Park.

In 2000, Kim Dae Jung won the Nobel Peace Prize for his successful implementation of the Sunshine Policy.
Why Bush Deliberately Sabotaged the Sunshine Policy
Unfortunately George W Bush, who took office in 2001, had very different plans for the Korean peninsula. In his view, a paranoid militarist North Korean threatening US allies South Korea and Japan was the most potent argument he had to justify his obsession with building a missile defense system. Once Japan joined the effort to normalize relations with North Korea, the neocons in his administration also had real concerns about the potential threat to US strategic dominance in the region.

In “Blame Bush for North Korea’s Nukes”, journalist Barbara O’Brien gives a blow by blow description of Bush’s calculated efforts to derail the Sunshine Policy, starting with his refusal to meet with Nobel Prize Winner Kim Dae Jung during his March 2001 visit to Washington. In January 2002, Bush would make his infamous Axis of Evil speech, including North Korea with Iraq and Iran as states deliberately sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction. In October 2002, a month after Japan joined the diplomatic effort to normalize relations with North Korea, he accused the latter (with even flimsier evidence than his administration put forward for Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction) of secretly developing a program to enrich uranium to weapons grade and unilaterally cut off oil shipments the US committed to under the 1994 Agreed Framework.

Bush would go on to pull US troops out of North Korea, where they had been working cooperatively with the North Korean Army searching for the remains of US army personnel killed in the Korean War.

As O’Brien asserts in her series, the immediate trigger for these moves was a visit by Japanese prime minister Junichiro Koizumi to North Korea in a first effort to normalize relations between the two countries. In the view of the Bush administration, an independent economic-political block consisting of Japan and a unified Korea posed a serious strategic threat to US dominance in Asia and had to be stopped. Her arguments make sense in view of the fact that direct US military occupation of South Korea only ended in 1994, a year after the South Korean people overthrew the last US-installed puppet dictator.

Provoking North Korea into Resuming Their Nuclear Weapons Program
In the face of growing belligerence and military threats from the US, in 2003 North Korea announced they were withdrawing from the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty and restarted the nuclear reactor frozen by the 1994 Agreed Framework. They also announced they were restarting their nuclear weapons program and long range missile testing. In 2004, they would announce they had successfully manufactured a nuclear weapon and in 2006 test their first nuclear weapon

Whereas there was no evidence they had nuclear weapons in 2002 when Bush first leveled accusations against them, by 2004 he managed to convince them their regime was under sufficient threat they needed nuclear weapons to defend themselves – he also managed to convince Congress that the North Korean threat justified massive expenditures on a wasteful and questionably effective missile defense system.

Meanwhile despite growing tensions related to North Korea’s decision to resume their nuclear weapons program, the Sunshine Policy would limp along until 2008. A shooting incident at the Mount Kumgang tourist region (in which a South Korean tourist was shot by North Korean soldiers) effectively ended it.

Dr. Bramhall is a retired American psychiatrist and political refugee in New Zealand. She has published a free, downloadable non-fiction ebook 21st Century Revolution. Her first book The Most Revolutionary Act: Memoir of an American Refugee describes the circumstances that led her to leave the US in 2002. Email her at: stuartbramhall@yahoo.co.nzRead other articles by Stuart Jeanne, or visit Stuart Jeanne’s website.
The original source of this article is Dissident Voice